Thermodynamic Properties in Higher-Derivative Electrodynamics

In this work, we study the thermodynamic properties of a photon gas in heat bath within context higher-derivative electrodynamics. Specifically, analyze Podolsky’s theory and its extension involving Lorentz symmetry violation recently proposed literature. First, use concept number available states system order to construct partition function. Next, calculate main functions: Helmholtz free energy, mean entropy, capacity. particular, verify that there exist significant changes capacity energy due violation. Additionally, modification black body radiation correction Stefan–Boltzmann law primordial inflationary universe are provided for both theories as well.